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Erectile dysfunction ED, characterized by the inability to achieve or mntn a sufficient erection for sexual intercourse over time, is a complex health issue that encompasses biological, psychological, and social factors. In some cases, it may also signal underlying medical concerns such as heart disease, atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and more.
Causes of ED can be multifaceted:
Biological Factors: Common causes include:
Alcoholism, smoking, or drug abuse
Certn medications used for conditions like prostate cancer
Hormonal imbalances leading to low testosterone levels hypogonadism
Peyronie's disease
Nerve damage from surgeries or injuries affecting the pelvic area or spinal cord
Psychological Factors: Issues such as:
Depression, anxiety, stress, fatigue
Relationship conflicts and lack of communication with a partner
Social Factors: External pressures that may impact sexual performance.
Diagnosis
The evaluation begins with a thorough medical history examination, which includes detled discussions on the patient's sexual experiences, general health conditions, medications taken, and lifestyle factors like diet, exercise, and habits such as smoking or drinking alcohol. Blood tests are often conducted to check for hormonal imbalances e.g., low testosterone levels, diabetes, high blood pressure, etc. Specialized tests might be required if penile blood flow seems compromised.
Treatment Approaches
Lifestyle Modifications: Weight loss, quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake
Medications: Oral drugs like PDE5 inhibitors e.g., sildenafil, tadalafil, which help improve blood flow to the penis. Side effects include headaches, dizziness, flushing, indigestion, and visual disturbances.
Hormone Therapy: For those with low testosterone levels causing ED, testosterone injections may be prescribed under a doctor's supervision.
Non-Invasive Treatments: Options like extra-corporeal shock wave therapy ESWT might help to improve blood flow to the penis without surgery.
Penile Devices: Vacuum-assisted devices can create an erection by creating a vacuum suction that draws in blood, while penile implants are surgically placed for more permanent assistance.
Psychological Support
Counseling with a mental health professional is crucial. Addressing psychological and emotional aspects of ED through therapy can significantly improve outcomes.
Specialists at National University Health System NUHS
A team of experienced specialists including Associate Professors Edmund Chiong, David Consigliere, Kesavan Esuvaranathan, Tiong Ho Yee, Chua Wei Jin, Joe Lee King Chien Li Jingzheng, Wu Qing Hui, Benjamin Goh, Melissa Tay Hui Wen, Lu Jirong, Kelven Chen, Wang Ziting, Chia Jun Yang is avlable for comprehensive assessment and treatment.
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Last Updated: May 20, 2024
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Erectile Dysfunction Causes Overview National University Health System Specialists Comprehensive ED Treatment Approaches Psychological Support for ED Patients NUHS Resources and Services Guide ED Management: Lifestyle Changes and Medications